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Since the swift passage of the Anti-Terrorism Act in 2015, the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) has had the unprecedented and highly controversial authority to take ‘reasonable and proportionate’ measures to reduce threats to Canadian security. While there are some limits to the types of measures CSIS can employ, the Canadian Security Intelligence Service Act permits the use of measures that would otherwise contravene the laws of Canada or limit a right protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms so long as they are judicially authorized by the Federal Court. As new threats proliferate around the world, it is anticipated that CSIS will increasingly carry out this mandate overseas. Yet review bodies tasked with monitoring CSIS’s use of threat reduction measures (TRMs) report that CSIS has never sought judicial authorization to conduct a TRM. Why? One answer may be that CSIS has concluded that the Charter does not govern actions carried out abroad, and, as such, their extraterritorial conduct falls beyond the reach and oversight of the Federal Court. Whether the Charter applies to CSIS’s overseas conduct ostensibly lies in the Supreme Court of Canada’s leading case on the extraterritorial application of the Charter, R v Hape. This article canvasses domestic and international law, as well as intelligence law theory, to explain why that presumption is wrong. Wrong, not least because the majority opinion in Hape is deeply flawed in its analysis and application of international law. But also, because intelligence operations are so distinguishable from the transnational criminal investigations at issue in Hape, the Court’s findings are inapplicable in the former context. In short, this article demonstrates that applying Hape to the actions of CSIS officers not only leaves their actions beyond the scrutiny of Canadian courts but also creates a significant human rights gap.

"Beverley McLachlin was the first woman to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. Joining the Court while it was establishing its approach to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, McLachlin aided the court in weathering the public backlash against controversial decisions during her tenure. Controversies in the Common Law explores Chief Justice McLachlin's approach to legal reasoning, examines her remarkable contributions in controversial areas of the common law, and highlights the role of judicial philosophy in shaping the law. Chapters in this book span thirty years, and deal with a variety of topics - including tort, unjust enrichment, administrative and criminal law. The contributors show that McLachlin had a philosophical streak that drove her to ensure unity and consistency in the common law, and to prefer incremental change over revolution. Celebrating the career of an influential jurist, Controversies in the Common Law demonstrates how the common law approach taken by Chief Justice McLachlin has been successful in managing criticism and ensuring the legitimacy of the Court."--

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A political practice and institution found in most civilisations throughout history, asylum in the twenty-first century finds itself in a tumultuous period. The 1951 Refugee Convention regime endures, but many States are trying hard to prevent asylum-seekers from reaching their borders. With refugee resettlement stuck at one per cent of the needs, it is no wonder that refugees finding no other solution to build a future for their family will resort to other means to reach places where they can hope to thrive. Destination States are deploying multiple strategies to avoid being responsible for thousands of refugees. They have thus considerably strengthened their ‘fight’ against undocumented migration and are criminalising asylum-seekers through importing into administrative law concepts and institutions of criminal law, while some have adopted deterrence tactics or implemented ‘externalisation strategies’. They also have devalued the principle of non-refoulement, either through directly refouling or through use of tactics resulting in refoulement. Asylum-seekers are also subjected to biometric identifiers stored in databases interconnected with multiple other databases, nationally and internationally. This chapter explores global trends and challenges in asylum in the twenty-first century and outlines main approaches in the field.

In my post on “Unreasonable Bilingual Interpretations of Law“, I mentioned that the Supreme Court would have the opportunity in Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Mason, 2021 FCA 156 (leave granted) to say more about the methodology of reviewing administrative interpretations of law. Mason raises other issues as well, one of which also arose in […]

"L'obligation est l'instrument juridique élémentaire des rapports entre les personnes. Le droit des obligations est donc la colonne vertébrale du droit privé. Les trois parties de l'ouvrage (responsabilité extracontractuelle, contrats et quasi-contrats, régime général de l'obligation) exposent le droit positif actuel et les ferments de son évolution : influences étrangères et unification européenne, protection du consommateur, rôle du juge à l'égard du contrat, développement de l'unilatéralisme. L'ouvrage veut allier la précision des références à l'ouverture aux questions humaines. Cette onzième édition expose en particulier la réforme du droit des contrats et des obligations issue de l'ordonnance du 10 février 2016, telle que ratifiée par la loi du 20 avril 2018 : avant-contrats, offre, acceptation, contenu, cession de contrat, sanctions de l'inexécution, révision pour imprévision, effet relatif, nullité, cession de créance, de dette. L'ouvrage en rend compte, avec les débats et critiques qu'elle a suscités. Est aussi analysée l'évolution de la jurisprudence, toujours foisonnante, en matière de responsabilité civile. La crise sanitaire qui s'est abattue sur le monde en février 2020 a profondément éprouvé les contrats, car elle a ruiné les prévisions des parties ; elle a mis à l'épreuve le droit qui les régit, dans certaines de ses institutions, classiques (la force majeure) ou plus récentes (renégociation, révision pour imprévision, caducité). Les premières réponses jurisprudentielles montrent la résistance des principes classiques, invitant les parties à adopter des clauses anticipant ces risques, alors que d'autres crises s'annoncent. En matière de responsabilité civile, cette édition synthétise aussi l'évolution de la jurisprudence, toujours foisonnante en l'attente d'une éventuelle réforme législative. L'ouvrage s'adresse aux étudiants ainsi qu'à tous ceux - professionnels, universitaires qui sont soucieux de connaître et surtout de comprendre cette branche du droit."--Page 4 de la couverture

"Administrative Law in Context, 4th Edition continues this title's approach to administrative law in the important contexts that shape legal ideas and doctrines in this field. It examines key principles and cases by leveraging the distinct voices of leading scholars and instructors from across Canada including an analysis of the recent Vavilov trilogy of cases from the Supreme Court of Canada and their significant affect on how judicial reviews of administrative decisions are now conducted in Canada. This detailed, collaborative analysis gives students a better sense of how administrative boards and tribunals work in practice and differentiates itself from Admin8 by using a contemporary experiential pedagogy that employs increased commentary and discussion."-- Provided by publisher.

Disclaimer: This summary was generated by AI based on the content of the source document.

Disclaimer: This summary was generated by AI based on the content of the source document.

Disclaimer: This summary was generated by AI based on the content of the source document.